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大鼠心脏缺血-再灌注损伤 郑惠珍 唐朝枢 苏加林 吴涛 摘要 为探讨大鼠心脏缺血-再灌注损伤(IRI)期间一氧化氮(NO)生成增加的环节和过程。本实验用离体灌流大鼠心脏,预灌流15
min,停灌45 min,取30 ml KH 液循环灌流15 min,观察冠脉流出液中细胞胞浆酶(LDH)、蛋白质、肌红蛋白漏出量和NO-2含量、心肌组织NOS活性、L-精氨酸(L-Arg)转运的改变。结果显示,心脏IRI后,冠脉流出液中LDH活性、蛋白质和肌红蛋白量较对照组分别增加4.1,5.4和1倍(均P<0.01)。NO-2含量增加1.2倍(P<0.01)。心肌组织tNOS活性、iNOS活性和cNOS活性分别增加48.2%、43.2%和52.1%(均P<0.01)。NO-2含量与心肌组织iNOS活性呈正相关,(r=0.7942,P<0.01)。心肌组织L-Arg转运呈现高、低亲和两种方式。IRI组心肌L-Arg转运能力增强,最大转运速率(Vmax)较对照组升高48%(低亲和,P<0.05)和2倍(高亲和,P<0.01);
低亲和Km值降低47.4%(P<0.05),高亲和Km值改变无统计学意义。L-Arg转运高、低亲和转运载体的Vmax与iNOS活性、NO-2含量均呈高度正相关关系。结果提示:
心脏IRI时,心肌L-Arg转运能力增强,主要通过激活iNOS而增加NO的生成,L-Arg转运是NO生成的重要环节。 EFFECTS OF MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA
REPERFUSION ZHENG HUI-ZHEN,WU TAO ABSTRACT Ischemia
reperfusion injury(IRI) model of rat heart was prepared by preperfusion for
15 min,then a suspension for 45 min and recycling reperfusion for 15 min with
30 ml KH buffer.The leakage of lactate dehydrogenase(LDH),protein,myoglobine
and nitrite (NO-2) in the circular perfusion fluid were
measured.Myocardial nitric oxide synthase(NOS) activity and L-arginine
transport were observed.In the IR group,the leakage of LDH,protein,myoglobine
and NO-2 were increased respectively by 4.1,5.4,1 and
1.2 times(P<0.01) and NOS(tNOS,iNOS,cNOS) activity by 48.2%,43.2%and
52.1%,(P<0.01,respectively) as compared with the control group.L-arginine
transport might be mediated by either high- or low-affinity transport system
in cardiac tissue.In the IR group,L-arginine transport increased significantly
with the Vmax being increased by 48% and 2 times respectively for
the low-affinity and the high-affinity transport as compared with
control.Michaelis constant (km) was decreased by 47.4% for low-affinity
transport (P<0.05),but not significantly changed for the high-affinity
transport.These results suggest that the increase of nitric oxide generation
might result from the increased myocardial NOS activity and L-arginine
transport during IRI. 心脏缺血-再灌注损伤(ischemia reperfusion injury,IRI)是心脏外科、冠状动脉搭桥术等手术期间心肌损伤的主要因素,其发病机理尚未完全阐明。近年,心肌L-精氨酸/一氧化氮(L-arginine/nitric
oxide,L-Arg/NO)系统在心脏IRI中的作用受到高度重视[1],大量资料表明,IRI时,心肌NO/cGMP生成增加[2],NO对IRI的病程和预后具有重要影响[3,4]。但IRI的心肌NO生成增加的发生环节和机理迄今尚未完全阐明。本工作在离体灌流的大鼠心脏,观察IRI对L-Arg/NO途径的影响,以探讨IRI心脏NO生成增加的环节和过程。 1 材料和方法 2 结果 缺血45 min,再灌注15 min的心脏,冠脉流出液中LDH活性、蛋白质和肌红蛋白含量较对照组分别增加4.1、5.4和1倍(均P<0.01)。 表1 缺血-再灌注损伤对大鼠心肌组织A-Arg转运最大速率及米氏常数的影响 |
|
Group |
Vmax /nmol.(mg pr.min)-1 |
Km
/μmol.L-1 |
||
|
Low
affinity |
High
affinity |
Low
affinity |
High
affinity |
|
|
Control |
15.8±1.8 |
2.3±1.5 |
1405±347 |
49±27 |
|
IR |
23.4±2.3* |
7.0±1.7** |
739±249* |
61±21 |
|
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图1 缺血-再灌注损伤对大鼠心肌L-精氨酸转运动力学的影响
Fig.1 Effect of ischemia reperfusion injury on kinetics of cardiac
L-arginine transport in rat
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2.2 IRI提高心肌组织NOS活性
图2 L-精氨酸转运与一氧化氮合酶活性的关系 表2 缺血-再灌注损伤对冠脉流出液中亚硝酸盐含量及心肌NOS活性的影响 |
|
Group |
NO-2/pmol.mg-1w.w |
NOS
/pmol.(mg
pr.min)-1 |
||
|
tNOS |
iNOS |
cNOS |
||
|
Control |
50.9±12.3 |
36.3±1.3 |
17.6±3.1 |
19.8±3.5 |
|
IR |
112.9±28.6** |
53.8±4.4** |
25.2±3.0** |
28.6±6.2** |
|
**P<0.01
vs control. 2.3 IRI增加NO释放 表3 L-精氨酸摄取、一氧化氮合酶活性与亚硝酸盐含量的相关关系 |
|
|
r |
P |
|
High
affinity Vmax-NO-2 |
0.7397 |
0.0145 |
|
Low
affinity Vmax-NO-2 |
0.9135 |
0.0002 |
|
cNOS-NO-2 |
0.5508 |
0.0989 |
|
iNOS-NO-2 |
0.7942 |
0.0061 |
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3 讨论 我们在预实验中观察到,心脏缺血45 min,再灌注15 min,冠脉流出液中NO-2含量在可检测范围之外,因而采用30
ml KH液循环灌流15 min的方法,提高冠脉流出液中NO-2含量。实验观察到缺血再灌注后,心肌胞浆酶LDH,细胞内蛋白质和肌红蛋白大量漏出释放入灌流液中,心肌NO生成增加,与文献报道一致[2]。同时观察到,冠脉流出液中亚硝酸盐含量与酶漏出、蛋白质漏出呈高度正相关,提示心肌损伤程度与NO释放量呈正比。 作者单位:郑惠珍 吴涛:广东医学院生理学教研室,湛江 524023; 参考文献 [1]Yoshiki N. The role of nitric oxide in cardiac
ischemia-reperfusion injury.Jpn Circ J,1997,61: 119~132. 1997-12-27收稿 1998-03-30修回 |