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移植神经营养素-4基因工程细胞 侍 坚 曲 伸 路长林 何小龙 王成海 摘 要 用重组逆转录病毒介导的体外神经营养素-4(NT-4)基因转移方法, 制备高表达NT-4基因工程细胞并移植大鼠坐骨神经离断处。
尼氏染色和ChE染色的结果表明, 移植NT-4基因工程细胞对外周神经损伤所造成的运动神经元的退变有显著的改善作用, 而且这种作用可以维持三个月。 PROTECTION OF SPINAL
MOTORNEURONS OF SHI JIAN, QU SHEN, LU CHANG-LIN, The NT-4
genetically engineered cells were made by infecting L-6TG cell(a rat myoblast
cell line) in vitro with a retroviral vector pN2A containing the
rat NT-4 cDNA. The bioactivities were determined by bioassay of PC12 cell
survival rate. The rat with left sciatic nerve transaction was used as a
model for treatment by implanting NT-4 genetically modified cell. The
condition of motorneurons was assessed by Nissl stain and ChE stain. The
results showed that: (1) the percentage of surviving Nissl-stained neurons on
the lessened side of NT-4(+) grafts significantly increased as compared to
that with NT-4(-) grafts 2~3
weeks and 3 months after sciatic nerve transaction, and (2) the grafted cells
produced significant increase in the positive ChE stained area after sciatic
nerve transaction in 1~3
weeks. Our observations indicate that adult motor neurons are still able to
respond to neurotrophic factors and they may require the factors for
survival. 神经营养因子是一类能够促进神经细胞存活、 生长和分化的蛋白质。 神经营养因子不仅可以影响胚胎神经元的发育, 而且能够促进成熟神经元的存活与生长, 在神经损伤修复过程中具有重要作用[1,2]。 表 1 动物分组情况 |
|
Group |
1
week |
2
weeks |
3
weeks |
3
months |
|
NT-4 |
3 |
3 |
4 |
6 |
|
L-6TG |
3 |
3 |
3 |
6 |
|
Injury |
6 |
3 |
3 |
6 |
|
图1 坐骨神经损伤后2周的脊髓腰段损伤组织和NT-4组尼染色 Fig.1 Nissl staining of lumbospine
after sciatic nerve transaction of 2 weeks after injury 坐骨神经切断1、 2、 3周和3个月后, NT-4基因工程细胞移植组、 L-6TG细胞移植组、 损伤组的脊髓前角外侧核大、
中神经元的数量及左右侧配对t检验结果, 见表2。 从中可以看出术后1、 2、 3周和3个月NT-4组尼氏染色阳性神经元的百分率分别为86.3、 84.8、 88.9和83.8%, 而对照组各时间点的百分率分别为82.5、 64.2、 60.5和63.9%, 两组之间除了第1周外, 均有显著性差异(P<0.05)。 各时间点L-6TG组和损伤组之间均无显著性差异。 这一结果表明, 移植NT-4基因工程细胞可以显著减轻因外周神经损伤造成的神经元变性, 而且这种作用可以维持3个月。 表 2 坐骨神经切断后不同时间点各组尼氏染色阳性神经元数目和百分率 |
|
Group
|
|
1 week |
2 weeks |
3 weeks |
3 months |
|
NT-4
|
Left
|
14.1±2.5
|
12.8±2.6
|
19.0±4.2
|
19.7±2.56. |
|
|
Right
|
15.7±1.9 |
15.4±3.8 |
21.0±3.58 |
23.3±1.53 |
|
|
Left/right×100%
|
86.3±4.58 |
84.4±5.6# |
88.9±6.2# |
83.8±5.1# |
|
L-6TG |
Left
|
13.6±1.35
|
13.7±1.35*
|
15.3±0.54* |
14.4±1.7 |
|
|
Right |
16.0±2.45 |
19.8±2.2 |
22.3±1.49 |
20.9±2.45 |
|
|
Left/right×100% |
86.0±5.75 |
65.4±3.03 |
64.4±4.9 |
65.8±7.8 |
|
Injury
|
Left
|
19.7±6.6
|
14.2±0.64* |
13.9±0.64* |
13.5±1.95 |
|
|
Right |
23.04±5.73 |
20.6±1.94 |
19.8±2.94 |
19.8±1.94 |
|
|
Left/right×100%
|
82.5±6.56 |
64.2±3.5 |
60.5±0.83 |
63.9±8.6 |
|
*P<0.05 vs right, #P<0.05
vs injury. 2.2 胆碱脂酶染色的结果
图2 坐骨神经损伤后2周的脊髓腰段损伤组织和NT-4组胆碱脂染色 Fig.2 The ChE
staining of lumbospine after sciatic nerve transaction of 2 weeks after 坐骨神经切断后, 在每一时间点, 1、 2和3周, NT-4基因工程细胞移植组、 L-6TG细胞移植组、 损伤组的正常侧和离断侧(左右两侧)脊髓前角外侧核ChE染色阳性颗粒面积的百分率, 及各组百分率的t检验, 见表3。 我们可以看出术后1、 2、 3周NT-4组和对照组的百分率有显著性差异(P<0.01,P<0.05),
说明移植NT-4基因工程细胞可以减轻因外周神经损伤造成的神经元ChE活性减弱, 但这种作用早期更为明显。 表 3 坐骨神经离断后各组ChE染色阳性面积的百分率 |
|
Time |
NT-4 |
L-6TG |
Injury |
|
1
week |
62.6±5.2** |
56.8±5.8 |
33.5±8.8 |
|
2
weeks |
79.0±6.0* |
64.6±6.2 |
60.9±5.6 |
|
3
weeks |
73.1±3.5 |
70.7±3.7 |
63.4±2.3 |
|
* P<0.05,* * P<0.01 vs injury. 3 讨论 作者单位:侍 坚 曲 伸 路长林 何小龙 王成海 第二军医大学神经生物学教研室, 上海 200433 参考文献 [1] Levi-Montalcini R. The nerve
growth factor 35 years later. Science, 1987, 237: 1154~1162. 1997-12-30收稿 1998-06-08修回 |