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延髓头端腹外侧区神经元电活动 沈霖霖 彭应杰 吴国强# 曹银祥 李 鹏 摘 要 本文分析了大鼠延髓头端腹外侧区(RVLM)神经元单位电活动与心血管活动的相干性, 观察了RVLM区神经元电活动对电刺激中脑防御反应区的诱发反应, 以及对压力感受性反射的反应。 并用FFT对RVLM区神经元自发单位放电和血压波进行频域的相干性分析, 以判断是否具有心节律。 还分析了RVLM区单位放电变异性与心率变异性的相干性。
结果显示: RVLM区大多数神经元对电刺激中脑防御反应区呈兴奋反应(67%), 70%神经元放电活动被注射苯肾上腺素而升高的动脉血压强烈抑制, 具有心节律的神经元占64%, 50%神经元放电变异性与心率变异性的高频呈良好的相关。 神经元电活动的频谱分析为深入研究心血管自主神经系统功能提供了一种新方法。 THE COHERENCE ANALYSIS
BETWEEN NEURONAL SHEN LIN-LIN, PENG YING-JIE, WU GUO-QIANG* *
To analyze the
coherence between neuronal discharges (ND) in the rostral ventro~lateral medulla (RVLM) and
the cardiovascular activity, we observed the neuronal discharge in RVLM
responding to electric stimulation of the defense area of the mid-brain. Fast
Fourier transform (FFT) was performed to analyze the coherence between the
signals of ND and blood pressure to determine if the ND were cardiac
rhythmic. The coherence between ND variability (NDV) and heart rate
variability (HRV) was also analyzed. The results showed: (1) majority of the
neurons (67%) were excited responding to electric stimulation in the defense
area of the mid-brain; (2) the electric activity of about 70% of the neurons
were substantially inhibited by administration of phenylephrine; (3) 64% of
the neurons were actively synchronous with cardiac cycle; and (4) significant
coherence between NDV and HRV in HF component was shown in a half of the
neurons (50%). The coherence analysis thus provides a new tool to investigate
the regulation of the autonomic nervous system. 延髓头端腹外侧区(RVLM)是机体内一个重要的心血管交感活动整合中枢[1], 包括延髓腹侧的旁巨细胞外侧核(PGL)在内的RVLM区在维持正常血压中起很重要的作用[2], 它也参与应激紧张导致血压升高, 且是刺激下丘脑和中脑防御反应区引起防御性升压反应的主要传出通路接替站[3,4]。 因而研究者常以神经元电活动是否具有心节律和对升压反应的敏感性等, 作为判断RVLM区心血管神经元的主要依据[5]。 传统上对生理信号分析的主要方法为观察信号振幅随时间(在时域上)的变化情况, 而较少采用以生理信号中频率成分(在频域上)改变为指标的方法。 本文在进行中脑背侧中央灰质(dPAG)电刺激, 和静脉注射苯肾上腺素, 观察对RVLM区神经元电活动的影响后, 应用频域相干分析法对RVLM区神经元自发单位放电和血压波进行研究, 以这一简便的方法给出定量的标准来判断RVLM区神经元放电是否具有心节律。 |

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Fig.1 Synchronous records of
electrocardiogram (ECG), arterial blood pressure (BP) and neuronal discharges
(ND) in RVLM 用波宽0.2 ms、
频率1 Hz、 电流100~150 μA的双脉冲刺激中脑防御反应区, 对RVLM区神经元单位放电作刺激后时间直方图(迭加100次), 判断是否与防御反应相关。
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Fig.2 Response of unit activity in
RVLM to stimulation of dPAG 表 1 RVLM区神经元对电刺激dPAG和苯肾上腺素升压的反应 |
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dPAG |
PE
(dPAGEX) |
|
EX |
20
(67%) |
1 (10%) |
|
INH |
2 (7%) |
7 (70%) |
|
NE |
8 (26%) |
2 (20%) |
|
n |
30 |
10 |
|
dPAG:
dorsal periaqueductal gray; PE: phenylephrine; EX: excitation; INH:
inhibition; NE: no effect; n: total number of neurons tested. 2.2 RVLM区单位电活动的压力敏感性检验 |

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Fig.3 Effect of change in
arterialblood pressure on unit activityArterial pressure (AP) was elevated by
an iv injection ofphenylephrine (0.5 μg/kg). 2.3 RVLM区神经元单位放电与血压波的相干性分析 |

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Fig.4 Spectral
analysis of blood pressure and neuronal discharge in RVLM A. ECG-triggered averaging BP
signal (5 ms/bin, 100 sweeps). B. Triggered averaging neuronal
discharge in RVLM. C. Auto-spectrum of BP. D. Auto-spectrum
of ND. E. Cross-spectrum. F. Coherence. From A and
B, neuronal discharge is phasically linked to the cardiac cycle. The
relationship of the two signals in frequency domain can be shown in
cross-spectrum and coherence k2=0.98 in basic frequency. |

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Fig.5 Spectral
analysis of HRV and NDV in RVLM A. Time series of R-R
interval. B. Time series of NDV. C. Auto-spectrum of HRV. D.
Auto-spectrum of NDV. E. Cross-spectrum. F. Coherence. The
close correlation between HRV and NDV was observed in cross-spectrum and
coherence k2=0.85 in high frequency of HRV (about 0.16
cycle/beat). 表 2 RVLM区ND与BP, NDV与HRV的相干性分析 Table 2 Coherences
between ND and BP, and between NDV and HRV |
|
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k2 |
k2≥0.80 |
k2<0.80 |
|
ND-BPBF |
0.817±0.184
(n=28) |
0.927±0.060
(n=18) |
0.618±0.163
(n=10)**** |
|
NDV-HRVHF |
0.779±0.131
(n=28) |
0.884±0.051
(n=14) |
0.675±0.098
(n=14)**** |
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3 讨论 *国家自然科学基金资助项目
(No.39570182,
39570272) 作者单位:沈霖霖 彭应杰 吴国强# 曹银祥 李 鹏 上海医科大学生理学教研室、
#生物医学工程教研室, 上海 200032 参考文献 [1] Guyenet PG. Role of the
ventral medulla oblongata in blood pressure regulation. In: Loeewy AD, Spyer
KM. eds. Central Regulation of Autonomic Functions. New York: Oxford
University Press, 1990, 145~167. 1998-01-25收稿 1998-03-24修回 |