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人SOD1基因在大鼠血管平滑肌细胞的 郑新程 安 威1 白景香2 毛松华 伍贻经s 摘 要 本实验构建含人铜锌超氧化物歧化酶(hSOD1)基因的逆转录病毒载体, 将其导入离体培养的鼠血管平滑肌细胞(VSMCs), 观察hSOD1基因表达及其抗氧自由基损害作用。
结果表明: (1)载体构建策略和方法正确, hSOD1基因可在靶细胞中高效稳定表达; (2)转化hSOD1的VSMCs可对抗大剂量氧自由基对细胞的直接损伤作用; (3)小剂量氧自由基刺激VSMCs增殖, 而转化hSOD1的VSMCs增殖反应受到抑制。 本研究结果提示, 外源性表达的SOD可能通过抗自由基损伤和抑制内皮细胞增殖两方面作用阻止动脉粥样硬化的形成。 EXPRESSION OF HUMAN
SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE GENE ZHENG XIN-CHENG,AN WEI,BAI JING-XIANG2, ABSTRACT A retroviral
vector containing human superoxide dismutase (SOD) cDNA was constructed and
transfected into rat vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). The expression of
exogenous hSOD1 in the VSMCs was analyzed with Northern and
Southern blot. The protection of the transfected and/or non-transfected VSMCs
from free radical produced by the xanthine/xanthine oxidase (X/XO) system was
investigated. The results showed that the construction strategy of the vector
was correctly performed and the expression of hSOD1 in the
transfected cells was highly detectable. The cell damage of X/XO could be
alleviated with expression of hSOD1 in the transfected cells, as
compared to control. In addition, proliferation of the transfected VSMCs
resulted from oxidative stress was suppressed. It is suggested that the
expression of gene-transferred hSOD1 is able to prevent the
formation of atherosclerosis, partially due to its cell protection and
inhibition of the proliferative embolization. 大量的研究结果表明, 氧自由基(oxygen-free radicals, OFRs)介导的脂质过氧化损伤是动脉粥样硬化(atherosclerosis, As)发病的主要诱因之一[1]。 氧自由基一方面攻击血管内皮细胞, 使其完整性受到损害。 破损处所沉积的血小板被激活后, 释放出血小板源性生长因子(platelet-derived growth
factor, PDGF), 后者促进血管平滑肌细胞(vascular
smooth muscle cells, VSMCs)高度增殖。 增殖的VSMCs与单核细胞和成纤维细胞一道向血管内膜迁移并在此积聚, 造成血管内径狭窄[2]。 另一方面, 氧自由基亦可使内皮细胞的内分泌功能受到损害, 阻止其合成前列环素(PGI2), 内源性舒张因子(EDRF)等, 影响血管的正常舒张功能[3]。 超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase, SOD)是体内氧自由基的特异性清除剂。
据报道, As的发生与SOD活性降低有关[4]。 据此, 我们构建含人Cu-Zn SOD(hSOD1)基因的载体, 将其导入VSMCs, 得到稳定高效转化细胞, 观察其基因表达的抗氧自由基损伤作用, 为As基因治疗的可行性研究提供理论依据。 |

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Fig.1 Illustration
of the construction of a retroviral vector containing hSOD1 gene 1.2 载体的包装及滴度测定[6] 利用脂质体(lipofectin, Boehringer
Mannheim公司生产)介导的基因转移方法将XM-6及XM-6/SOD DNA导入包装细胞系PA317。 经G418 (GIBCO公司生产) 400 μg/ml筛选10~12 d, 可见阳性克隆, 选取6~8个克隆继续培养。 至汇合时, 吸取培养基, 以4 000 r/min离心5 min, 取上清, 以NIH3T3为靶细胞, 测定上清中病毒滴度。 将滴度大于5×105 cfu/ml克隆保存于-70℃备用。
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Fig.2 Cloning
and expression of hSOD1 gene in VSMCs genome Southern blot
(left): genomic DNA of VSMCs (lane 1), VSMC/XM6 (lane 2) and VSMC/XM6-SOD
(lane 3) were digested with XbaⅠ; genomic DNA of
VSMC/XM6-SOD (lane 4) was digested by XbaⅠ+Hind Ⅲ,
Northern blot with hSOD1 probe (right, upper) and 18S RNA probe
(right, lower): VSMCs (lane 1), VSMCs/XM6 (lane 2) and VSMCs/XM6-SOD (lane
3). 1.4 Southern和Northern杂交[7] 以酚-氯仿法提取上述两种细胞基因组DNA, 取15 μg DNA, 经限制性内切酶消化, 0.8%琼脂糖凝胶电泳, 将凝胶中的DNA转印至尼龙膜, 以随机引物法将α-32P-[dCTP]标记于hSOD1 cDNA, 制备探针(标记试剂为Promega公司生产)。 以异硫氰酸胍(GTC)裂解上述两种细胞并以酚-氯仿一步抽提法提取总RNA(GIBCO公司生产)。 取20 μg RNA经1.0%甲醛变性, 琼脂糖凝胶电泳, 再将凝胶中的RNA转印至尼龙膜。 hSOD1基因探针分别与两膜杂交并进行放射自显影。 |

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Fig.3 Effects of different
concentrations of exogenous oxygen-free eadicals (OFRs) on LDH release |

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Fig.4 Effects of different
concentrations of exogenous OFRs on cellular trypan blue uptake rate |
s
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Fig.5 Effects of different
concentrations of exogenous OFRs on cell membrane fluidity 2.4 转化VSMCs的抗增殖作用 表 1 外源性氧自由基对细胞S期比率的影响 Table 1 Effects
of exogenous OFRs on cell S phase ratio ( |
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Time
/h |
S
phase ratio |
|
|
VSMCs |
VSMCs
/SOD |
|
|
0 |
7.9±2.9 |
7.1±2.7 |
|
2 |
29.1±2.2
|
9.3±2.9 |
|
12
|
31.8±1.6
|
16.3±1.4 |
|
24
|
43.3±2.1 |
26.2±1.9 |
|
48
|
29.9±2.8
|
12.2±2.9 |
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*国家自然科学基金资助
(No.39670308) 参考文献 [1] Ross R. The pathogenesis of
atherosclerosisan update. N Engl J Med, 1986, 314: 488~500. 1998-03-20收稿 1998-05-25修回 |